汽车修理的八大误区
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data:image/png;base64,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（一）滑动轴承的轴瓦必须刮削
认为发动机的曲轴轴承，连杆轴承换新时轴瓦必须刮削，不削轴承不能保证有良好的接触面，甚至把刮削轴瓦当成汽车修理中的顶尖技术。而现代汽车，尤其是小型发动机，其曲轴轴承和连杆轴承上轴瓦的耐磨合金涂层很薄，绝不允许刮削，只能按相应的尺寸选配。如没有合适尺寸的曲轴承，则必要时可用基孔制的方法磨削曲轴，以求得合适的配合间隙。
（二）盲目拆掉发动机节温器
众所周知，发动机只有工作在适宜的温度范围内，机器的润滑才会处在最佳状态，各个运动部件的磨损才会最小。温度过低和过高都会对机组的寿命产生不利影响，节温器就是有助于控制发动机燃烧室正常温度的重要部件。
如果因发动机温度高而盲目拆除节温器，冷却液只能进行大循环，不能调节冷却强度，难以保证发动机在较适宜的温度下工作，反面使发动机经常处于低温状态下工作，造成发动机功率下降，磨损加快，油耗增加。如果发动机节温器发生检修或更换之后，发动机温度还高，就应检修冷却系统的其他部位，不以拆除节温器。
（三）发动机温度怕高不怕低
有些人认为行车时发动机温度怕高不怕低。其实，发动机温度低时危害性也很大，主要会产生以下后果：
1.引起发动机功率下降，油耗上升
温度低会使进入汽缸的汽油雾化不良，进而导致点火困难，燃烧迟缓不完全。汽车动力性下降。
2.机件磨损严重
温度过低时，燃烧后的生成物中的水蒸气容易冷凝成水，与酸性气体形成酸类物，加重对机件，特别是汽缸壁的腐蚀和损耗。
所以在日常保养维修时，庆根据汽车使用说明书规定的正常温度行车，才能保证发动机的使用寿命。
（四）水泵风扇皮带越紧越好
皮带越紧并非越好。皮带过紧不仅会使其拉长或断裂，缩短皮带的使用寿命，而且还会因拉力过大，导致发电机轴、水泵轴变形弯曲和轴承的早期损坏。汽车发动机风扇皮带的松紧度应符合技术要求，一般正常皮带装配时挠为10－15mm为宜。
（五）发动机暖车时间过长
发动机经过一夜的静置，各磨擦面上的润滑油残余压力早已消失，失去了油膜的保护，低温使润滑油的黏度大大增加，附着力和流动性变差。此时，启动发动机的运动阻力大大增加，启动时超过60%的功率都用于克服运动阻力。发动机在冷启动时的磨损量大大超过其他工况下的磨损量。换句话说，发动机在冷启动时的磨损量占整个磨损量的一半左右。正常的怠速暖车可以减少这种磨损，延长发动机的使用寿命。低温下，金属会呈现较小的弹性和抗磨性，只有在工作温度下，发动机才能达到正常的配合间隙，保持最佳工作状态。
但是在用怠速升温时，由于转速较低，机油泵不能较快地将润滑油压入训润滑表面，油压也低，使发动机各运动机件在干磨擦或半干磨擦状态下工作；燃油因低温雾化不良，使未燃烧的燃油（混合气）窜入曲轴箱，冲刷掉缸壁上的油膜，也会加速机件的磨损。所以，发动机启动数秒后，应用快怠速升温（在现代轿车上专设有快怠速装置，发动机温度升高后，会自动调节到怠速状态），以改善发动机的润滑条件。快怠速运行时间也不宜过久，不必等到水温完全达到正常才起步，可以以低速低档的形式行驶，等水温上升到正常值后再加速行驶。
（六）轮胎气压宁高勿低
有些人喜欢把轮胎气压充得较高，认为这样既可超越又可节油。这是不正确的。轮胎的使用过程中，胎压是一个非常重要的指标，要保证轮胎气压与厂家要求气压相符，否则，无论轮胎的气压偏高还是偏低，都会给轮胎的寿命带来很大的损害。如果轮胎的气压过高，则轮胎胎面中央的花纹就会较两边的花纹磨损严重，而且当轮胎气压过高时，轮胎与地面的接触面积小，汽车加速行驶，离开地面的一部分轮胎，再回到地面就会因加速产生变形，从而呈现波动现象。这样行驶时不仅轮胎阻力增加，影响汽车加速性能，而且会导致方向盘震动、跑偏。在气压过足，当遇到路面的钉子、玻璃等尖锐物体时，很容易扎入胎内，甚至造成爆胎。外气压过大还会使行驶的舒适性降低，轮胎自身吸收的震动变小，间接会影响到其他零部件的寿命。轮胎气压过高，抓地力就会下降，油耗也会随之上升。如果气压过低将导致轮胎各部位的运动量增大，造成轮胎的异常发热，使得帘线以及橡胶的功能降低，引发脱层或者帘线折断与轮辋之间产生过度的磨擦造成圈部位损伤，异常磨损。
（七）发动机加机油宁多勿少
发动机在加机油时不可多加，也不能少加。机油加多了会增加曲轴连杆机构的转动阻力，又会使飞溅到气缸壁上的机油增多，造成燃烧室积炭增加，降低发动机功率，增加磨损，影响排放。应按照机油检测尺的刻线加油，以最多不得超过上刻线为宜。
（八）紧固螺栓宁紧勿松
汽车各部位的螺栓，根据直径、螺距及用途，其扭矩大小均有相应规定，达不到规定扭矩螺栓会松脱，固然不好，但盲目增大扭矩会造成被紧固的零部件变形，并会使螺杆伸长，螺纹变形甚至断裂。
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