汽车改装要素（英汉对译）

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<font size="5"><font color="#0000ff"><font face="宋体"><span class="t_tag" href="tag.php?name=%C6%FB%B3%B5">汽车</span><span class="t_tag" href="tag.php?name=%B8%C4%D7%B0">改装</span>要素（英汉对译）<br /><br /><br />大家好，在这里转贴一篇国外的关于小型轿车改装的文章，中间的大部分内容还是对我们很有帮助，阅读避免在今后的爱车改装中走弯路。<br /><br />Tuning element<br /><br />What comes first, second, third, and so on? <br /><br />So you want to more power, better handling, stronger braking, and a “cooler” car but you don’t have a ton of cash right now.<br />Can you only go step 1 or 2 right now, but want to make sure you do not spend money in the future fixing a mistake you make right now because of your limited <br />budget?<br />Well, have we some good news for you! Make the right choices/decisions/purchases now and you won’t be thinking down the road “what if”! It even works in <br />life :^).<br />Here, we will lay out a couple of alternative paths and help to set you on the right one for you budget and performance goals.<br />From exhaustive research, the top four performance <br /><br />items to start with are:<br />1.        Engine (Make more power) <br />2.        Suspension <br />3.        Wheels/Tires <br />4.        Brakes <br /><br />Most enthusiast will go in the order listed above (the order is a natural progression. For example, you may need larger wheels/tires (or at least 17” wheels) if you decide to go with one of the “Big Brake Kits”. <br /><br />But everyone has their preferences and may choose a different order).<br />Let's break them down...<br /><br />Engine（发动机）<br /><br />There are a couple of routes to take depending on your <br /><br />budget and goals. The main four options are:<br /><br />1.        Intake – either a Cold Air Intake or a high <br /><br />flow filter. <br />2.        Exhaust System <br />3.        Engine Management <br />4.        Supercharger Pulley Reduction <br /><br />A cold air intake or high flow filter gives your engine the ability to “ingest” more air and then the ECU can modify the air/fuel ratio for a more powerful “charge”. Some vendors claim their intakes to be worth 18+ hp…that may be a little high…but we have seen 0-60 times improve by .3 seconds. <br /><br />Exhausts – Cat Back &amp; Header（排气系统）<br /><br />You hear a lot of people complain that an exhaust system for the MINI can be a little pricey for the actual horsepower you gain. However, it is perhaps the best second step. While a Cat-Back is a good start, a new header with a high flow cat completes the exhaust system. <br />Think about it…if you plan on making your engine work harder (increased power), don’t make rob some of that power through “pumping losses” (making the engine work to expel exhaust gases). Reducing exhaust back pressure allows for increased “throughput”. In a nutshell, a high flow exhaust system is the solid foundation you need for future power upgrades.<br /><br />Supercharger Pulley（机械增压飞轮）<br /><br />There isn’t a part out there that gives you more bang for the buck! For around $160 (+ labor…which can run up to $300+) your Cooper S can pump out an extra 25 <br />hp! A 15% reduction in the supercharger pulley size increases boost from 11 psi to around 15 psi. <br />A word to the warranty conscious…though a supercharger pulley is the fastest way to get better 0-60 times…it is also the fastest way to void your factory warranty. That is part of the reason why we recommend doing the cold air intake and exhaust <br />systems first. <br /><br />Engine Management（ECU系统）<br /><br />You can install some engine management before or after the supercharger pulley install. The engine management will make the biggest difference AFTER the pulley <br />install. <br /><br />200+ Ponies!<br /><br />With the intake, exhaust, header and engine management you can reasonably expect 180-190 hp to the wheels (which translates to 200+ hp at the flywheel). At <br />$2,000 that is considerably less that the $5,000 for the John Cooper Works. In essence, you are paying for warranty with the Works package. Don’t get me wrong, it is a very good, well put together package…with the added benefit that you get to keep your warranty. <br /><br />Wheels/Tires（轮圈 / 轮胎）<br /><br />Not only do a wheels/tires upgrade separate your car from "stockers" they provide a significant improvement in handling.<br /><br />Suspension（悬挂系统）<br /><br />The best bang for the buck in suspension modifications is changing out the rear sway bar...simple to do yourself...and ooooohhh what a difference!<br />The next best suspension upgrade for the money is a set of lowering springs <br /><br />Brakes（刹车系统）<br /><br />Steel lines, rotors, and pads are the cheapest thing to change out...but for truly breath taking power...consider a "Big Brake" package.<br /><br />汽车改装要素(翻译)<br /><br />改装要素<br /><br />如何开始我们的改装步骤呢？<br /><br />如果你需要汽车有更强大的动力，绝佳的操控，强劲的刹车，和外形够酷，但是又没有成吨的金钱，那么你只能去做第1或第2步骤, 但是如果你不想在以后花冤枉钱，应该合理安排有限的预算。<br />资讯科技为我们带来好消息,现在就可以计划正确的步骤:选择-决定-购买，而不需要每走一步再想下一步该做什么。在这里，我们列出一些改装步骤，帮助你在预算和性能目标之间得到一个平衡选择。<br /><br />终归而言，改装的四大项目是:<br /><br />1.        引擎系统 (更强大的动力)<br />2.        悬挂系统<br />3.        轮圈和轮胎<br />4.        刹车系统<br /><br />大多数的改装爱好者将会按上方列出的顺序改车(这是自然而然的顺序。比如说，如果你决定更换加大的刹车盘，可能必须同时加大轮圈和轮胎 。 但是也有人因为他们的偏爱而选择一个不同的改车顺序)。<br /><br />现在让我们来揭开秘密. . .<br /><br />发动机系统    <br /><br />这里有四个常见做法，能够化较少的钱来提升动力：   <br /><br />1. 进气系统 - 主要是空气冷却器和高通量空气滤芯  <br />2. 排气系统  <br />3. 发动机管理系统（译注：通常叫ECU、汽车电脑）  <br />4. 超级增压器飞轮（译注：美国人常见做法，国内小车比较<br /><br />少见。）    <br /><br />空气冷却器和高通量空气滤芯让发动机吸如更多的空气，ECU通过修改燃油混合比来获得更大动力，一些经销商声称他们的产品可以提升18匹马力...可能有点虚报数据...但我们确实亲眼见到0-60（没说公里/小时或英里/小时）加速时间提高了0.3秒。<br /><br />排气系统<br /><br />你可能听很多人抱怨为MINI配套增加马力的排气系统有点贵，但是，这是第二步改装的最好选择，好的头段和回压鼓可以构成完整的改装排气系统。 <br />想想吧，如果你想让你的发动机动力来得更猛，就不要将动力消耗在排气损失上，减少排气回压以增加空气通过量 。概括来讲，高通量排气系统是今后提升马力的坚实基础。<br /><br />机械增压飞轮 <br /><br />没有其他部分的改装比机械增压飞轮改装更具震撼力，差不多花160美元（加上工时费差不多300美元）就可以让你的MINI Cooper S提升25匹马力，机械增压飞轮尺寸减少15%可以换来进气压力增加11 psi.--15 psi。<br />通过更换机械增压飞轮，是最快速提高0-60（英里/小时）的加速成绩的方法，但这也是最快速让出厂质保失效的方法，这也是我们推荐首先安装空气中冷器和排气系统的理由。<br /><br />ECU系统<br /><br />你可以在安装机械增压飞轮的前后改装某品牌的ECU电脑系统，这会带来仅次于增压飞轮改装的巨大动力增幅。<br /><br />200匹马力的小钢炮<br /><br />通过进排气系统及ECU电脑系统等项目的改装，你大约可以得到180匹至190匹的轮上输出马力（轴功率大于200匹）。花2000美元至少相当于在Cooper原厂花5000美元添置的效果，但后者可以保住原厂质保，别误会哦，这确实是一个花钱买质保的好方法。<br /><br />轮圈 / 轮胎<br /><br />不要将你的爱车的轮圈和轮胎分开单独做升级改装，这会是给操纵性能带来巨大影响的改装项目。<br /><br />悬挂系统<br /><br />悬挂系统性能的最大提升来自后防倾杆，简单到可以自己动手DIY，呵呵，很棒的哦！！其次，悬挂系统性价比最高的改装<br /><br />是换运动短弹簧。<br /><br />刹车系统<br /><br />刹车钢喉、碟片、刹车摩擦块都是很便宜的东西，但要真正提高刹车性能，就要换装专门的刹车升级套件啦。</font></font></font><br />

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