<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-align:center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><u><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">案例分析</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></u></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:33pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.5"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">一．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">8L</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">五十铃车空调开机后，离合器打滑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：在开空调时，压缩机电磁离合器一直吸不上，打滑。停车后检查压缩机传动带松紧度正常。然后启动发动机，打开空调，此时怠速在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">900</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">转左右，用数字万用表测量压缩机电磁线圈，电压为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">12V</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，电流在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">—</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5A</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">之间为正常。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：由此可以断定，电磁线圈无故障，故障是电磁离合器。引起离合器打滑的原因是电磁线圈吸力不足，离合器踏板与传动带轮之间间隙调整不对，压板与离合器传动带之间的间隙为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">—</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">毫米，而用专用塞尺测量其间隙明显偏大。停机后，用工具把间隙调整到正常位置。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">按要求装好，打开空调，故障排除。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:44pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">二．桑塔纳开空调后制冷效果不佳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:28pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：普通桑塔纳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">LX</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">型车在开空调后，怠速下出现啪嗒声，同时空调制冷效果不佳，接上压力表，开启空调，怠速</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">900</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">转以上，压力表显示低压压力高，而高压压力低。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:28pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：此种情况出现在空调传动带不打滑的情况下，有可能是压缩机损坏，此时用于手感检查，压缩机外壳高低压温差不大，而我们现在要确定压缩机损坏只有用泵吸性能检测法检测。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:28pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">当我们用手钳夹住高压管时，高压压力为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">1360</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">千帕左右，压力明显过低，这说明压缩机以损坏，需修理或更换压缩机。更换压缩机后开空调系统一切正常，噪音消失，制冷效果正常。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:44pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">三．丰田轿车空调打开后有噪音声</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:28pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：有一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">8L</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">皇冠轿车，在起步时或在路上加速时，会引起压缩机吱吱的噪音，空调关闭后，噪音消失。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:28pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：由上情况断定噪音为空调所制，而造成空调噪音过大的原因很多种，一种为传动带张力调整不当，或离合器松旷，或制冷剂罐的太多。或传动带安装不当。发动机停机后，打开发动机仓盖检查，发现压缩机皮带过松，重新调整后，发动发动机，开空调一切正常，故障排除。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:44pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">四．捷达轿车传动带不平衡引发故障</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：一辆捷达轿车，在开空调时，发动机噪音大，经检查为传动带张力过大，重新调整后，用了几天后，传动带张力变大了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：上诉现象为传动带固定不住后传动带磨损，后更换新传动带。但跟换不长时间噪音又出现。停车后检查，发现皮带磨损严重，拆下后一看传动带只磨一边，经仔细检查，原是压缩机传动带和发动机的传动带不一线，发动机运转时，传动带会向一边跑。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">调整压缩机安装位置，让压缩机的传动带和发动机的传动带在一线，更换传动带后发动发动机开空调正常。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></font><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">五．尼桑轿车制冷效果不稳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：在怠速时空调不制冷，而在高速或中速时制冷效果</span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不稳定</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：停机后，接上空调压力表，发动车打开空调，压力表显示高压压力偏高，低压也偏高，用手检查高压管的温度和冷凝器出口温度无明显的变化。会不会是冷凝器散热不好，当时端来一盆水，用一块湿布，向冷凝器洒了一点水，而此时，低压表压力马上下降，出风口的温度也马上降了下来，由此断定，此原因为冷凝器散热不好或冷凝器风扇转速不够。后仔细检查，发现风扇与冷凝器之间距离相隔太远，而冷凝器散热片间又有许多灰尘杂质。重新安装了冷凝器散热风扇，同时又清理了冷凝器散热片之间的灰尘，重新试车，故障排除。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">六．普桑空调系统脏堵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></font><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：开空调时，膨胀阀前后管路结霜，用压力表测试，低压压力低，高压压力高，如果猛加油或在开关空调的瞬间低压压力上升，并且出风能凉一会儿，但一会儿又不制冷。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析与排除：由此可判断为系统塞堵。如果空调系统过脏，制冷剂会在干燥瓶处提前进行节流，就会有膨胀阀前后管路节霜，在放空制冷剂后，拆下膨胀阀发现膨胀阀内有一些黑色磨屑，同时管路内也有黑色磨屑，于是清洗管路，把空调系统管路拆开后用酒精清洗，然后用干燥的氮气吹干，把膨胀阀清洗干净，同时更换干燥瓶，更换新的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">O</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">形圈，注入冷冻润滑油，抽空加制冷剂，故障消失。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">七．北京</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">213</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">型吉普车因换件引起故障</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：制冷剂泄露</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：因系统脏堵更换干燥瓶，同时膨胀阀也跟换掉，抽空加制冷剂后从压力表看压力正常，出风口温度正常，但在空调开机后不到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">分钟干燥瓶与冷凝器接头处制冷剂泄露，泄露速度很快。当制冷剂漏完后，把管路拆开，发现</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><font face="Times New Roman">O</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">形密封圈已碎，重新更换一个发现有点松，又装上一个这样密封性好了。然后装车，重新抽空并加制冷剂，试验了二十分种，压力表正常，出风口温度正常。过了三天，车主回开说制冷剂又漏了，还是原来的地方漏的这回把干燥瓶拆下来，拆下来后一看密封圈又碎了，这是怎么回事，带着疑问把新的和旧的放到一起检查比较，经仔细的检查后发现管的接头一样但管头的内径不一样，更换管路，重新更换干燥瓶，抽真空加制冷剂，故障排除。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">八．奥迪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">冰堵故障</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障现象：在开空调时一开始出风口很凉，但一会儿在空调蒸发器进风口管处于大量结霜，同时观察低压表和高压表，低压表压力为真空壮，高压表压力高，在空调关闭后一会儿再打开，系统正常，但一会又为真空壮。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:black;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故障分析和排除：由此怀疑是系统内冰堵，当空调开机后，用热毛巾把孔管包住，低压表压力马上回升，空调系统好转。由此确定是冰堵，把制冷剂放掉，然后更换积累器（因为奥迪为孔管系统）反复抽空并加制冷剂，空调正常。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:black"><p></p></span></p>[[s:3228]][[s:3229]][[s:3228]][[s:3229]][[s:3230]][[s:3231]][[s:3232]][[s:3233]]
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发表于 2007-9-17 20:57:25