汽车空调系统故障诊断

新世纪驾校

<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#3366ff;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">汽车空调系统故障诊断</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;color:#3366ff"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman">  </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">注意：在理想的气候条件下，《环境温度均较低》，正常的空调系统应能在出风口产生</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">——</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">度的冷风。但随着环境温度和湿度的升高，通过冷凝器的的气流将减小系统的工作效能。例如对于同一个系统，当环境温度为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">21</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">度时，能在出风口产生</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">度的冷风，而在环境温度和湿度升高时仅能产生</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">度的气流，也就是说，在恶劣的环境条件下若空调系统效能下降，但仍能尽量发挥效率，则系统不需要修理。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">/</font></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">通过视液镜观察判断制冷剂系统故障</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman">   </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">制冷剂适量，视液镜下将一片清晰，且送风口有冷气吹出，在发动机转速提高或降低时，可能有少量气泡出现，关闭空调后气泡渐渐消失，约在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">45s</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">内消失。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Times New Roman">   </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">同时压力表高低压力正常，正常压力指示为：低压</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">118</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">——</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">216 </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">高压</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1373</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">——</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1668</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes">   </span>/</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">通过视液镜可判断如下故障：</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 34.5pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 34.5pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1）<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'">  </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">视液镜下有少量气泡或者每隔</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">——</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2S</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">就可以看到气泡，此时高压表压力低，低压表压力低，空调出风不冷，可判断为制冷剂不足。修理方法为：捡漏并补充制冷剂至适量。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 34.5pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 34.5pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2）<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'">  </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">视液镜下看到很多泡沫，高压表与低压表压力过低，空调出风不冷，此为制冷剂严重不足。修理方法为：捡漏，修理捡漏部位，重新罐制冷剂到适量。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 34.5pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 34.5pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">3）<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'">  </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">视液镜下一片清晰，并有冷气输出，关闭空调后</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15s</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">内不起泡，或停机后</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">分钟后仍有气泡流动，高低压两侧压力均过高，出风口不够凉，此时为制冷剂过多。修理方法为：释放一些制冷剂。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 34.5pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 34.5pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">4）<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'">  </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">干燥剂已分散，并随制冷剂流动，视液镜下为六堆状。修理方法：更换干燥瓶，重新抽真空并加制冷剂。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 16.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p>